Window structures



June l, 1948. E. P. JONES 2,442,363

WINDOW STRUCTURES 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed May 8, 1944 June l, 1948. E, |5 JONES 2,442,363

wINDow STRUCTURES Filed May 8. 1944 3 Shets-Sheet 2 34 4+ l y v Mj Teh June l, 1948. `E. P. JONES 2,442,363

WINDOW STRUCTURES Filed May 8, 1944 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

I l a4 57 Patented June l, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,442,363 WINDOW STRUCTURES Earl P. Jones, Fort Lauderdale, Fla., assignor to Gate City Sash and Door Company, Fort Lauderdale, Fla., a corporation of Florida Application May 8, 1944, Serial No. 534,572

'1 claims. 1

This invention relates to window structures, particularly of the so-called awning window type, and to mechanism for operating the same.

Among the objects of the present invention are to provide an awning type window and hardware construction designed so that it can be installed or removed from a window frame without having to remove substantially any of the surrounding members of the jamb or sill; to provide an awning type window wherein the window sashes are operated by a worm and gear construction that may be installed on either side of the window opening and which controls the operation of the sash on both sides thereof; tof provide such a construction wherein the worm and gear actuator gives positive control at any angle of the opening, and in addition securely locks the window when completely closed, and without further locking attachments; y

to provide an awning type window including one or more individual sashes hingedly connected to the frame for a swinging movement to open or closed position wherein the axes of the hinges are constantly xed so as to hold the topmost sash from swinging downwardly as it swings outwardly, in combination with means for preventing rain from blowing in over the top sash when said sash is moved to open position; to provide an awning type window composed of a vertical series of hinged sashes which are constructed and arranged to eliminate the need of transom bars, mullions, or iixed divisional members in the frame between the top and bottom walls of adjacent sashes; to provide a window of the awning type having a vertical tier of swingable sashes wherein the bottom member of the next higher sash is adapted to close directly upon and interiit with the top member of the next lower sash of a series; to provide an awning type window wherein the hardware is designed so that -it can be practically stamped of sheet steel or any other type of sheet metal; to provide aI construction of the foregoing character having sash arms which are designed for quick an'd simple installation and removal by inserting screws in the rear face of the sash, and likewise wherein the bracket members are connected to the actuating mechanism by means of a simple rivet and cotter pin construction; to provide an awning type window of the foregoing construction wherein the hardware is designed so that it can be operated without interference with screens, Venetian blinds, or draperies; to provide the operating mechanism with a readily removable handle which may be removed when the apparatus is to be installed in detention wards or mental hospitals, whereby no one can open or close or disturb the open adjustment of the windows except when the handle is in place; to provide the foregoing construction wherein the hardware is .completely exposed and easily accessible and is not concealed by jambs or sills, but on the contrary is partially concealed by means of the installation of a screen member installed at the rear of the awning type windows, the stile of which screen aids in partially concealing the operating hardware; to provide an awning type window construction which may be installed in the present type of window frame construction without the addition of special types of frame members and the like; to provide these and other objects of invention as will be apparent from a perusal of the following specification when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings,

wherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective exterior view of one form of the awning type window showing the same installed in a building exterior.

Figure 2 is a vertical cross sectional view showing the awning type window as installed in a building exterior;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary outside view of the sash in closed position;

go to make up the mechanical operating means for' the multiple sash. f

Referring to Figure 1 there is shown in perspective view a portion of a building having a `window structure embodying the present invention. This window structure is conveniently called an awning type window since the window is provided with a plurality oi sashes II, I2, I3, I4 arranged in tiers above each other so that when closed the upper sash rail and the lower sash rail of adjacent sashes are in abutment thus limiting the need for any mullions or other spacing bars. Figure 1 shows a window assembly having four sets of sashes I5, I6, I'I, and I8 each comprising four sashes above each other which when opened in awning fashion appear as shown and have the advantage of permitting adequate air circulation since the awning eiect deects the air upward thus constantly moving the warm air normally accumulating at the ceiling with sash rail 66 and the side sash rail 65. The support plates 32 provided at each side of the window engage the side stops 51 and are secured by screws extending therethrough into the side jambs 55. The lower portion of the plate 32 is provided with bosses or bearing members 61 which serve to support the shaft 38 upon which the worm gear 31 is mounted. The shafts 38 and 40 extend through the apron 28 which may be provided with a suitable escutcheon 68.

The various details of the hardware are further illustrated in Figures 7 to 10. From Figure 7 it will be seen that the plate 32 which is provided adjacent its lower edge with the bearinglike bosses 61 has suitable apertures 89 for the insertion of the fastening screws. In the central portion of the member 32 there is an aperture or opening 1| which is adapted to support the end of the rock shaft 33.

The operating shaft and crank shown in Figure 8 are mounted within the bosses 61 of the member 32 shown in Figure 7 and the worm gear 31 is interposed between the two bosses B1. A suitable interconnecting collar 12 is mounted on the end shaft 38 adjacent the front boss 51 of the mounting plate 32. 'I'he crank 39 is provided with a suitable hand grip or knob 13. The crank 33 is secured to the shaft extension 40, which has a hexagonal cross section, in any suitable manner as by riveting. A suitable knob 13 is positioned at the end of the crank arm 39. The interconnecting member 12 mounted on the end of the shaft 38 is secured to that shaft by a set screw 14. The other end of the member 12 is provided with a hexagonal opening 15 for receiving thehexagonal shaft extension 40. Where it is desired to have the handle 39 permanently secured in position a set screw 16 may be tightened to bear against the shaft extension 40. Where, for example in institutions, itis desired to remove the handle so that the patients or inmates may not adjust the windows the set screw 18 need not be used and the handle 39 may be carried from window to window and inserted through the escutcheon 68 to engage the hexagonal opening 15 in the connecting member 12. Each of the hinges I9 comprises two complementary port-ions 18 and 19 provided with suit able holes 8l for receiving fastening screws.

Each of the members 18 and 19 is provided with' upstanding wing-like portions 82 and 83 each having an aperture therein for receiving a rivet. A washer is interposed between members 82 and 83 and the members are then riveted together to form a hinge.

Each of the sashes is provided at the inside with a pair of sash arms, one half of a pair being shown in Figure l0. The sash arm 29 therefore has a mounting plate portion 84 provided with suitable apertures 85 for the 'fastening screws. The end of the arm 29 is provided with an aperture 86 for receiving a cotter key retained bolt or fastening member 81 shown in Figure 5.

From the foregoing disclosure of the hardware utilized for opening and closing the window sashes, it will be seen that the majority of the parts may be made of stampings thus eliminating the high cost of machined gears and casings. The sash arms are readily installed by the use of ordinary screws and interconnected with the remaining hardware by simple rivets or bolts held in position with a cotter key while the hardware is completely exposed and readily accessible so as to be easily inspected and repaired if necessary. The hardware can readily be installed or from their upper edge and do not move down` wardly while moving outwardly as is the case in other types of windows which necessarily require a different and more expensive type of hinge. The sash arms are arranged in pairs and the rock shaft extends between the side stops of the window frame. The worm gear and outriding gear may be positioned on either side of the window and positively control the operation and position of each of the sashes. Operation of the hardware does not interfere with screens, Venetian blinds, or draperies and yet is not unsightly because the screen partially conceals the hardware from view.

Windows of the type shown and described may be combined with fixed side light windows which produce a harmonious architectural design and y a combination of a window of this type together with a side light on either side will cost no more than the equivalent size of the common type of double hung mullion window.

While for the purpose of illustrating and describing the present invention, certain specific embodiments of a preferred type have been disclosed in the drawing, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited thereby since obviously such variations are contemplated as may be commensurate with the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

This invention is claimed as follows:

l. A window comprising a plurality of window sashes arranged so that the upper and lower rails of adjacent sashes are in abutment, a frame for said sashes, means hingedly supporting each sash from the exterior of said frame in close proximity to the upper rail of the sash, and operating means for simultaneously opening and closing said window sashes comprising a rock shaft extending above the sill of the frame between the side jambs, a pair of sash arms secured to opposite side rails of each sash, and removable linkage levers interconnecting the sash arms with each side to said rock shaft.

2. A window comprising a plurality of window sashes arranged in a plane one above the other so that the upper and lower rails of adjacent sashes are in abutment, a frame for said sashes, means hingedly supporting each sash from the exterior of said frame in close proximity to the upper rail of the sash, and operating means for simultaneously opening and closing said window sashes, comprising means secured to each of the side jambs immediately 'above the sill and supporting a rock shaft extending above the sill between the side jambs on said frame, a pair of sash arms secured to opposite side rails ofeach sash, and removable link levers interconnecting the sash arms on each side to said rock shaft.

3. A window comprising a plurality of window sashes arranged in a plane one above the other so that the upper and lower rails of adjacent sashes are in abutment, a frame for said sashes,means hingedly supporting each sash from said frame in close proximity to the upper rail of the sash, a stool and a depending apron and operating means for simultaneously opening and closing said window sashes, comprising means secured to the side jambs immediately above the sill and supporting a rock shaft extending above the sill between the side :lamb of said frame, a pair of sash arms se- `side-jambs, a gear mounted on said rock shaft,

a cooperating worm gear`mounted on a shaft extending beneath the window stool, through the apron and above the sill, and a crank arranged for operating said worm gear.

4. A window comprising a plurality of window sashes arranged in a plane one above the other so that the upper and lower rails of adjacent sashes are in abutment, a frame for said sashes, a stool and an apron cooperating with said frame, means hingedly supporting each sash from said frame in close proximity to the upper rail of the sash, and operating means for simultaneously opening and closing said window sashes, comprising means secured to the side jambs immediately above the sill and supporting a rock shaft extending above the sill between the side jambs on said frame, a pair of sash arms secured to opposite side rails of each sash, linkage levers interconnecting said sash arms by pins and cotter keys, said linkage levers being supported solely by said sash arms adjacent said side jambs and being connected to said rock shaft, a gear mounted on said rock shaft, and means including a worm gear cooperating with said gear on said rock shaft and mounted upon a shaft positioned above the sill and extending beneath the stool and beyond the apron of said window for actuating said rock shaft said worm gear shaft being supported by one of said rock shaft supporting means.

5. The combination for a window having sashes arranged when closed one above the other with the upper and lower rails of adjacent sashes in direct abutment in a frame formed of head and side jambs, a sill and exterior casing members, comprising means for hingedly supporting each sash from said exterior casing members in close proximity to the upper rail of the sash, a pair of sash arms for each sash adapted to be secured on the inside of the window to opposite side rails of the sash, a rock shaft adapted to be mounted immediately above the sill between the side jambs of the window, a pair of support plates for said rock shaft, link levers interconnecting the sash arms on each side of the window to said rock shaft, said levers beingsupported solely by said sash arms closely adjacent the exterior of said side jambs and means carried by one of said support plates for moving said rock shaft a selected amount.

6. The combination for a window having sashes arranged when closed one above the other with the upper and lower rails of adjacent sashes in direct abutment in a frame formed of head and side jambs, a sill and exterior casing members,

comprising a pair of forwardly extending hinges for each sash for supporting the sash from the` exterior casing members in close proximity to the upper rail of the sash. a pair of sash arms for each sash adapted to be secured on the inside of the' sash to opposite side rails, a pair of support plates adapted to be secured on opposite sides of said sash, a rock shaft adapted to be supported be tween the side jambs of the window above thc sill thereof by said pair of support plates, a plurality of link members each pivotally interconnected with said sash arms and arranged to be actuated by said rock shaft, said link .arms being freely supported from said sash arms adjacent said side jambs and means for adjusting said rock shaft to a selected position for determining the position of the sashes relative to the frame including a gear mounted on said rock shaft and a worm gear carried by one of said support plates.

7. The combination for a window having sashes arranged when closed one above the other with the upper and lower rails of adjacent sashes in direct abutment in a frame formed of head and side jambs, a sill and exterior casing members, comprising a pair of forwardly extending hinges for each sash for supporting the sash from the exterior casing member of the window in close proximity to the upper rails of the sash, a pair of sash arms for each sash adapted to be secured on the other side of the sash to opposite side rails adjacent the exterior of said side jambs, a rock shaft adapted to be mounted above the window sill between the side jambs, a pair of lever arms mounted on said rock shaft and located adjacent the ends thereof exteriorly of said side jambs, a plurality of link levers interconnecting the sash arms on each side of the sash to the lever arm on the rock shaft, said linkage levers being secured to said lever arm and to said sash arms by removable pin members, and worm and gear means for moving said rock shaft to a desired adjusted position simultaneously for determining the position of each of said sashes relative to the window frame.

EARL P. JONES.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this `patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,319,317 Anderson Oct. 21, 1919 1,724,011 Flagg Aug. 13, 1929 1,842,887 Van Schantz Jan. 20, 1932 1,854,005 Walton Apr. 12, 1932 1,864,970 Wiley June 28, 1932 2,137,426 Thompson Nov. 22, 1938 2,185,712 Rowley Jan. 2, 1940 2,267,140 Schottenberg Dec. 23, i941 

